Immune profiling is a critical tool for understanding the body’s defence systems. It provides insights into both the innate immune system, which offers a rapid initial response to infections, and the adaptive immune system, which uses specialized cells, such as T cells and B cells, to target specific pathogens.

T cells play a crucial role in fighting viral infections and coordinating broader immune responses. Following activation, some T cells differentiate into memory T cells, providing long-term immunity by rapidly recognizing and responding to the same pathogens in future infections. Persistent infections can lead to chronic antigen stimulation of T-cells, which may contribute to T-cell exhaustion—a state of reduced T-cell function. This phenomenon has been observed in certain chronic infections including cytomegalovirus (CMV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and is an area of ongoing research in post-viral syndromes such as Long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

Cytokines secreted by T cells provide a complex communication network essential for regulating immune responses. Detecting the cytokines associated with T cell exhaustion and chronic conditions helps researchers understand immune dysfunction and could potentially inform therapeutic strategies.   FluoroSpot is an advanced technique that allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple cytokine-secreting cells at the single-cell level. It offers high sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities, which can complement traditional approaches like ELISA and flow cytometry. The ViraxImmune™ Platform is a comprehensive approach to immune profiling which combines the above features and offers valuable insights for early diagnosis and early treatment intervention for conditions associated with chronic inflammation and T cell exhaustion.